Laser cutting is realized by using high power density energy generated by laser focusing. Under the control of the computer, the laser is discharged by pulses, so as to output a controlled repetitive high-frequency pulse laser, forming a beam with a certain frequency and a certain pulse width. The pulse laser beam is transmitted and reflected through the optical path and focused on the surface of the processed object through the focusing lens group, forming a fine, high-energy density light spot. The focal spot is located near the surface to be processed, melting or vaporizing the processed material at an instant high temperature.
Every high-energy laser pulse will instantly splash a small hole on the surface of the object. Under the control of the computer, the laser processing head and the processed material will conduct continuous relative movement according to the pre drawn figure, so that the object will be processed into the desired shape. Cutting accuracy is the key factor to judge the quality of CNC laser cutting machine. Four factors affecting the cutting accuracy of CNC laser cutting machine:
1. The size of the laser coagulation of the laser generator. After aggregation, if the light spot is very small, the cutting accuracy is very high, and if the gap after cutting is also very small. It shows that the precision and quality of the laser cutting machine are very high. But the laser beam is conical, so the cut gap is also conical. Under this condition, the greater the thickness of the workpiece, the lower the accuracy will be, so the larger the slit.
2. Accuracy of workbench. If the accuracy of the workbench is very high, the cutting accuracy will also be improved. Therefore, the accuracy of the workbench is also a very important factor to measure the accuracy of the laser generator.
3. The laser beam condenses into a cone. When cutting, the laser beam is tapered downward. At this time, if the thickness of the workpiece being cut is very large, the cutting accuracy will be reduced, and the cut gap will be very large.
4. Different cutting materials will also affect the accuracy of laser cutting machine. In the same case, the accuracy of cutting stainless steel and aluminum will be very different. The cutting accuracy of stainless steel will be higher, and the cutting surface will be smoother.