The laser cutting system generally consists of a laser generator, an external beam transmission component, a workbench (machine tool), a microcomputer numerical control cabinet, a cooler, and a computer (hardware and software).

1. Machine tool host part: The mechanical part of the X, Y, and Z axis movement of the laser cutting machine tool includes the cutting platform. Usually driven by a servo motor, it is used to place the cutting workpiece and move it correctly and accurately according to the control program.

2. Laser generator: A device that generates a laser light source. For the use of laser cutting, except for a few occasions where YAG is used, except for solid-state lasers, the vast majority have high electro-optical conversion efficiency and can output high-power CO gas lasers.

Due to the high quality requirements of laser cutting beams, not all lasers can be used for cutting. The Gaussian model is suitable for carbon dioxide lasers with smaller and lower order modes, as well as multimode lasers.

3. External optical path: The refracting mirror is used to guide the laser in the desired direction. To prevent malfunctions in the beam path, all mirrors should be protected with protective covers and protected from contamination by clean positive pressure gas. A set of high-performance lenses will focus beams without divergent angles into infinitely small light spots. Generally, lenses with a 5.0 inch focal length are used Only for 5-inch lenses>thick materials.

4. CNC system: It controls the movement of the machine tool's X, Y, and Z axes and also controls the output power of the laser.

5. Stabilized power supply: Connect the laser, CNC machine tool, and power system. Mainly preventing interference from external power grids.

6. Cutting head: mainly including cavity, focusing lens seat, focusing mirror, capacitive sensor, and auxiliary gas nozzle. The cutting head driving device is composed of servo motors, screws or gears and other driving components, which drive the cutting head to move along the Z-axis according to the program.

7. Control the working process of the entire cutting device.

8. Water chiller: used to cool the laser generator. A laser is a device that converts electrical energy into light energy, such as a CO gas laser. The conversion rate is generally 20%, and the remaining energy is converted into heat.

Cooling water takes away excess heat to maintain the normal operation of the laser generator. The chiller also cools the external light path reflector and focusing mirror of the machine tool, ensuring stable beam transmission quality and effectively preventing deformation or bursting of the lens due to high temperature.

9. Gas cylinders: including laser cutting machine working medium gas cylinders and auxiliary gas cylinders, used to supplement laser impact industrial gases and auxiliary gases.

10. Air compressor and air storage tank: provide and store compressed air.

11. Air cooling dryer and filter: used to provide clean dry air to the laser generator and beam channel to maintain the normal operation of the channel and reflector.

12. Suction dust collector: Extract the smoke and dust generated during the processing process and filter it to ensure that the exhaust gas emissions meet environmental standards.

13. Slag removal machine: removes waste materials and waste materials generated during the processing.

1、 Mechanical principle laser metal cutting machine.

Laser cutting is achieved by utilizing the high power density energy generated by laser focusing. Under the control of a computer, the laser outputs a controlled repetitive high-frequency pulse laser through pulse discharge, forming a beam of light with a certain frequency and pulse width.

The pulsed laser beam is transmitted and reflected through the optical path, and is focused on the surface of the processed object through a focusing lens group, forming subtle high-energy density light spots. The focal point is located near the surface to be machined and melts or vaporizes at instantaneous high temperatures.

Each high-energy laser pulse instantly splashes out a small hole on the surface of the object. Under computer control, the laser processing head and processing material move continuously relative to each other based on the pre drawn pattern, allowing the object to be processed into the expected shape.

The process parameters (cutting speed, laser power, gas pressure, etc.) and motion trajectory during the cutting process are controlled by the CNC system, and a certain pressure of auxiliary gas is blown away during the cutting process.

2、 Precautions for use

1. Comply with the safety operating procedures of general cutting machines. Strictly follow the laser startup program to start the laser, adjust the light, and conduct experiments.

2. Operators must be familiar with cutting software, equipment structure and performance, and master relevant knowledge of operating systems.

3. Wear labor protective equipment according to regulations, and wear protective glasses that comply with regulations near the laser beam.

4. Do not process a certain material to ensure that it can be irradiated or cut by laser, in order to avoid the potential danger of smoke and steam generation.

5. When the equipment is started, the operator shall not resign or be in custody without authorization. If you need to leave, stop or cut off the power switch.