The laser cutting machine gathers the laser emitted by the laser into a high-power density laser beam through the optical path system. The laser beam irradiates the surface of the workpiece to reach the melting or boiling point, while blowing away the high-pressure gas of the melted or vaporized metal coaxial with the laser beam. The power adding method of laser cutting machines has the characteristics of high accuracy and low power adding cost.

The laser cutting machine is achieved by utilizing the high power density energy generated by laser harvesting. Under the control of a computer, the laser emits controlled repetitive high-frequency pulses through pulse discharge, forming a beam of light with a certain frequency and pulse width. The pulsed laser beam is transmitted and reflected through the optical path, and is assembled onto the surface of the object through a lens, forming a fine high-energy density light spot. The focal spot is located near the surface to be energized, and the energized material instantly melts or vaporizes at high temperatures. Every high-energy laser pulse will instantly eject a small hole on the surface of the object. Under the control of a computer, the laser power head and the material to be powered move and dot continuously based on the pre drawn pattern, thereby adding power to the object into the desired shape. During the cutting process of a laser cutting machine, the beam of light converges into a small focal point through the lens of the cutting head, achieving high power density. The cutting head is fixed on the Z-axis. At this point, the heat input from the beam far exceeds the heat reflected, transmitted, or diffused by the material, and the material is rapidly heated to the melting and vaporization temperatures. At the same time, high-speed airflow blows out molten and evaporated materials from both coaxial and non coaxial sides, forming holes for cutting materials. With the relative movement between the focal point and the material, the hole forms a narrow continuous slit, and the material is cut. At present, the external optical path of laser cutting machines mainly adopts a flying optical path system. The beam emitted from the laser generator passes through mirrors 1, 2, and 3 to reach the banana lens on the cutting head, and forms light spots on the surface of the material to be added after banana harvesting. The reflector 1 is fixed on the body; Reflector 2 on the beam moves in the x-direction as the beam moves; The mirror plate 3 on the z-axis moves in the y-direction with the movement of the z-axis. During the cutting process, as the beam moves in the X direction and the Z axis moves in the Y direction, the length of the optical path keeps changing.

Compared with traditional cutting processes such as oxyacetylene and plasma, laser cutting machine has the advantages of fast cutting speed, narrow cutting seam, small Heat-affected zone, good perpendicularity and smooth cutting edge. There are many types of materials used for laser cutting at the same time, including carbon steel, stainless steel, alloy steel, wood, plastic, rubber, cloth, stress, ceramics, glass, and composite materials. With the rapid development of market economy and science and technology, laser cutting technology has been widely applied in fields such as automobiles, machinery, electricity, hardware, and electrical appliances. In recent years, laser cutting technology has been developing rapidly, with an annual growth rate of 15-20%. Since 1985, China has been growing at a rate of nearly 25% per year. At present, there is still a significant gap between the overall level of laser cutting technology in China and advanced countries, so laser cutting technology has broad development prospects and huge application space in the domestic market.