Laser is called "the fastest knife", "the most accurate ruler" and "the brightest light" because of its directional luminescence, high brightness, extremely pure color, and great energy. As early as the 1970s, lasers were used for cutting. In the modern industrial production, laser cutting is more and more important, and its application is more and more extensive. How does the laser cut? Do you know the principle of laser cutting?

In general, laser cutting is to replace mechanical tools with invisible lasers. Compared with ordinary mechanical props, laser cutting has a series of characteristics, such as high precision, fast cutting, not limited to cutting patterns, automatic typesetting, material saving, smooth incision, low processing cost, green and pollution-free.

Laser cutting is realized by using the high power density energy generated after laser focusing. Under the control of the computer, the laser is discharged through pulses to output a controlled repetitive high frequency pulse laser, forming a beam of a certain frequency and a certain pulse width. The pulse laser beam is transmitted and reflected through the optical path and focused on the surface of the processed object through the focusing lens group, forming tiny, high energy density light spots. The focus spots are located near the surface to be processed, melting or gasification the processed material at an instant high temperature.

Each high-energy laser pulse instantly splashes out a small hole on the surface of the object. Under the control of the computer, the laser processing head and the material to be processed carry out continuous relative movement and dot according to the pre drawn figure, so that the object can be processed into the desired shape.

The laser cutting machine gathers the laser on the material, heats the material locally until it exceeds the melting point, and then blows the molten metal away with the coaxial high-pressure gas or the generated metal vapor pressure. With the relative linear movement of the beam and the material, the hole continuously forms a very narrow slit.

The energy released when the laser beam irradiates the metal plate surface will melt the metal plate, and the molten slag will be blown away by the gas. The laser source usually uses optical fiber laser beam. Through the lens and reflector, the laser beam is concentrated in a small area, and the high concentration of energy makes the local area heated rapidly, leading to the melting of metal plates. So as to achieve the purpose of cutting.

In addition, because the laser emission energy is very concentrated, only a small amount of heat is transferred to other parts of the metal plate, so it rarely causes material deformation. However, the blanks with complex shapes can also be cut very accurately by using laser, and the blanks cut need no further treatment.