With the continuous promotion of production, teaching and scientific research, as well as the continuous support of policies, a large number of laser cutting machine enterprises have emerged, with the potential of "competing for fragrance".
The laser cutting machine uses focused high power density laser beam to irradiate the workpiece, so as to melt, vaporize, ablate or reach the ignition point of the irradiated material. At the same time, the high-speed airflow coaxial with the beam blows away the molten material, thereby realizing the cutting of the workpiece. Laser cutting is one of the thermal cutting methods.
Compared with other thermal cutting methods, laser cutting machine has the characteristics of fast cutting speed and high quality. It can be summarized as follows:
Analysis of laser cutting machine industry
1. Good cutting quality: due to the small laser spot, high energy density and fast cutting speed, laser cutting can achieve better cutting quality.
① The laser cutting incision is thin and narrow, and the two sides of the incision are parallel and perpendicular to the surface. The dimensional accuracy of the cutting parts can reach ± 0.05mm.
② The cutting surface is smooth and beautiful, and the surface roughness is only tens of microns. Even without machining, laser cutting can also be used as the final process, and parts can be used directly.
③ After laser cutting, the width of heat affected zone is very small, and the properties of materials near the slit are almost unaffected. Moreover, the deformation of the workpiece is small, the cutting accuracy is high, the geometric shape of the slit is good, and the sectional shape of the slit is regular rectangle. Table 1 shows the comparison of laser cutting, oxyacetylene cutting and plasma cutting. The cutting material is 6.2mm thick low-carbon steel plate.
2. High cutting efficiency: due to the transmission characteristics of the laser, the laser cutting machine is generally equipped with multiple CNC workbenches, and the entire cutting process can be fully CNC. In operation, only changing the NC program can be applied to the cutting of parts with different shapes, which can be used for 2D cutting and 3D cutting.
Fast cutting speed: cutting 2mm thick low-carbon steel plate with 1200W laser power can reach 15000px/min; The cutting speed of 5mm thick polypropylene resin board can reach 30000px/min. There is no need to fix the material in laser cutting, which not only saves the fixture, but also saves the auxiliary time of loading and unloading.
3. There are many kinds of cutting materials: compared with oxyacetylene cutting and plasma cutting, there are many kinds of laser cutting materials, including metal, non-metal, metal matrix and non-metal matrix composites, leather, wood and fiber. However, for different materials, due to their different thermophysical properties and laser absorption, they show different laser cutting adaptability.